As per the new law, all city residents will be issued three bins: a black one for trash, a blue one for recyclables and a green one for compost.

The garbage collectors who spot orange peels or aluminum cans lurking in a black trash bin will leave a note reminding the citizens how to separate their trash properly. Anyone found repeatedly flouting recycling protocol will be issued fines of $100 for small businesses and single-family homes, and up to $1,000 for large businesses and multiunit buildings. There is a moratorium on all fines until 2011 while the residents learn the ropes.

The reaction to the rules were as mixed as, well, recyclables.

This takes big brother to an extreme I’m not comfortable with, said Sean R. Elsbernd, one of two supervisors who voted against the proposal. I don’t want the government going through my garbage cans.

The garbage cops snooping through the refuse is not the intent of the new law, said Nathan Ballard, spokesman for Mayor Gavin Newsom.

Newsom, who proposed the legislation in last May and doggedly championed it, is expected to sign it into law within 30 days.